Реферат: INTRODUCTION The method of electromyostimulation (EMS) is rather widespread in medicine and sports. It is also has been used for many years by Russian crew members in orbital flights. Two types of electromyostimulators are used onboard of ISS: low-frequency, LF (25Hz) and high-frequency, HF (2500 Hz modulated to 50Hz) ones. Electromyostimulation is not the obligatory countermeasure mean for space flight, but it can be used as addition mean or can help to maintain muscle strength and endurance in the short periods when cosmonauts cannot perform active physical training by some reasons. In 2020 the new temporal consortium – the World-class Research Center, the “Pavlov Center for Integrative Physiology to Medicine, High-tech Healthcare and Stress Tolerance Technologies” was created on the base of 4 organization. One of the branches of this center is the “Center of study and countermeasure for the effects of long-term isolation” at the Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences. One of the goals of this center is to develop on the base of space countermeasure experience the new electromyostimulation protocols for prevention of muscle properties loss under conditions of motor inactivity. The main idea of this project is to develop the electrostimulator which allow to combine the two mentioned types of stimulation. For this purpose, some of the experimental studies under conditions of Dry Immersion and in clinics with the patients with motor deficit were performed. METHODS 20 healthy subjects took part in the experimental sessions in Dry Immersion (DI) conditions. 10 of them was in the control group (were exposed to 7 days DI without countermeasures) and 10 other – in the experimental one (7 days DI coupled with 2 sessions of EMS daily – LF and HF). The study with patients was carried out in three groups of participants (average age 74.5±7.5 years). In the stimulation group (n=27), an HF EMS course consisted of an average of 7.9±2.4 sessions over 14 days. In the sham group (n=7), sham stimulation was performed at similar times. In the control group (n=10), no EMS course was performed. RESULTS Preliminary results of the study showed good patient acceptance of EMS. After the course, the EMS group showed a significant improvement from baseline in the standard neurological test (Tinetti Test, Rivermead Mobility Index and Timed Up and Go Test). There was also a significant improvement in balance quality and maximal voluntary strength of the shin muscles). No significant changes were observed in the control and the sham groups in the same tests. It can be concluded that stimulation of the hip and shin muscles with HF regimen has a positive effect on the motor system of elderly neurological patients. However, the results of combination of 2 sessions of EMS – low and high frequency under motor unloading conditions (DI) showed the positive results only for the hip muscles; for shin muscles we observed even opposite effect by some of the parameters. These results showed that the protocol which was offered is not optimal and some further studies of the other protocols efficacy are needed.

Библиографическая ссылка: Tomilovskaya E.S. , Rukavishnikov I.V. , Saveko A.A. , Bekreneva M.P. , Shigueva T.A. , Ponomarev I.I. , Shishkin N.V. , Abu Sheli N.M.A. , Popov D.V. , Orlov O.I.
Perspectives of electromyostimulation approaches for muscle strength and endurance maintenance under motor unloading conditions: from Space to Earth
43rd Annual the International Society of Gravitational Physiology Meeting 26-31 May 2024